2020中考英语复习资料：主动变被动

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　　下面整理了《2020中考英语复习资料：主动变被动的基本方法》，供同学们参考。更多中考英语复习技巧也可关注下北京新东方的中考英语课程，相信可以帮助到大家。
* @$ m! B! }9 u# q* \　　主动变被动的基本方法：(说起来容易，掌握起来需要用心！)
　　(1)主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
　　(2)谓语动词变为由“be + 过去分词”的形式，配合时态作相应变化。
8 b0 g4 @' u# K! ^/ B( {- Q% q6 r+ y　　(3)主动语态主语置于介词 by之后，如无必需，则省略。
+ S+ U5 ]5 A6 T# J$ [1 R4 \　　(4)不及物动词没有被动语态。
( V) `2 Y9 S( u　　现 在 do (does) →am / is / are + done
& h( s5 O# K) o; T9 ]* g8 [4 y　　We keep the piano in the living-room.
8 b& N% f: |2 ~  ~) E+ J# V　　→The piano is kept in the living-room.
　　过 去 did→was / were + done
! ?7 l" X+ D# v% V4 \　　They built the bridge in 1980.
4 c. S3 B" h! I$ [　　→The bridge was built in 1980.
( L6 A/ u. q3 j/ ?, ]' I　　将 来 will/shall do → will/shall + be + done
　　He will read the book tomorrow.
* k1 |( R% N$ W/ t　　→The book will be read tomorrow.
　　现在完成 have/has done → have/has + been + done
　　We have delivered the newspaper.
0 s- a4 o, c* S% T$ j9 f4 |# ]　　→The newspapers have been delivered (by us).
　　过去完成 had done → had been done
　　She had seen the film before she came here.
　　→The film had been seen before she came here.
　　将来完成 will/shall have done → will/shall have + been + done
　　By the end of this term we shall have finished 80 texts.
　　→By the end of this term 80 texts will have been finished.
! z0 Z5 C" ]- u5 T/ [　　现在进行 am/is/are doing → am/is/are + being + done
　　They are drawing the picture.
　　→The picture is being drawn by them.< /p>
& i6 E! u2 y8 V' w, r　　过去进行 was/were doing → was/were + being + done
- F( F4 y* x5 ?! [: p9 E　　He was reviewing their lessons at this moment yesterday.
　　→Their lessons were being reviewed at this moment yesterday.
$ a6 v8 d) _8 f8 v- E　　情态动词 may may
　　can can
# N7 @0 r1 r/ G. U, L* a  C　　must must
　　should do → should + be + done
　　ought to ought to
" c2 k- M2 j9 Q8 a& q　　used to used to
$ W# P7 [3 A$ v, B, a7 \　　You must write an article on the subject.
+ v- `0 o# C% A5 }" A( ^$ R　　→An article must be written on the subject.
　　测试精编
0 u) G" `. s3 o8 N1 C9 h+ T+ {- \　　1. Since the first space mission， many communication satellites ________.
9 K0 U. Q' ^# \+ \  e　　A. was launched B. are launched C. have been launched D. had been launched
　　2. What kind of advice ________ you？
　　A. has gave B. was gave C. had been given to D. has given
　　3. The slave ________ from morning till night.
　　A. madeto work B. was made working C. was made worked D. was made to work
　　4. The construction of the laboratory ________ by the end of July.
$ h! w3 v+ Q- Q. ]5 Y　　A. must be completing B. must complete
! P  \& D% ?8 c. u　　C. must have completed D. must have been completed
　　5. Your proposal ________ by the committee soon.
　　A. is discussed B. has been discussed
　　C. is going to be discussed D. will have been discussed
; t9 P# A$ x. w7 n3 w: F# o* y　　KEYS
　　1. C 2. C 3. D 4. D 5. C